List: Godan verb with 'ru' ending
popular JLPT N1 usually written using kana alone godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb
- to make (good) progress, to move right ahead (with the work), to advance
popular JLPT N2 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb sumo usually written using kana alone intransitive verb
- to hang, to suspend, to sling, to wear (e.g. a sword), to put up (e.g. a shelf)
- to hang oneself
- to hoist an opponent off of his feet by his loincloth
- to turn upwards (as if being pulled), to be slanted (of eyes)
- to pucker (e.g. of a seam), to be pulled tight
popular rarely used kanji form JLPT N2 usually written using kana alone godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb
- to apply (of a rule), to be applicable (of standards, lessons, ideas, etc.), to hold true (e.g. of a description), to fit, to be suitable (e.g. of a word), to meet (requirements), to fulfill (conditions), to come under (a heading)
popular JLPT N1 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb suffix
- to enter, to go in, to get in, to come in
- to set (of the sun or moon), to sink, to go down
- to attain (nirvana, enlightenment, etc.), to achieve, to reach (e.g. a climax)
- to do fully, to do intently, to do sincerely, to do deeply, to feel keenly
- to (reach a state) completely
popular rarely used kanji form JLPT N2 usually written using kana alone godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb dated term
- to twist, to wrench, to turn (a tap, switch, etc.)
- to twist (a body part), to bend, to sprain
- to strangle (to death), to wring (an animal's neck)
- to defeat easily, to beat
- to make (a problem, design, etc.) intricate, to make peculiar, to make complicated
- to manage to compose (a haiku, song, etc.)
- to wrap (a monetary gift) in paper
popular JLPT N1 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to abuse (verbally), to curse at, to shout abuse at, to speak ill of
popular godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb
- to warp, to curve, to arch, to bend
- to bend backward (body or body part, e.g. fingers)
popular Ichidan verb verb (generic) transitive verb intransitive verb godan verb godan verb (archaic)
- to turn over (face down), to lay face down, to lay upside down
- to point downwards (eyes, head, etc.), to cast down (eyes)
- to lie (one's body) face down, to lie flat (on the ground)
- to conceal, to hide, to keep secret, to place in hiding (e.g. troops for an ambush)
- to lie down, to retire, to go to bed (with an illness)
popular JLPT N4 euphemistic godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb
- to die, to pass away
popular usually written using kana alone godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to rub, to pat, to stroke, to massage