List: auxiliary verb
JLPT N1 honorific language polite language expression usually written using kana alone auxiliary verb verb (generic)
- (please) look
- see
- (please) try to do
popular rarely used kanji form JLPT N3 usually written using kana alone godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb auxiliary verb
- to finish, to stop, to end, to put an end to, to bring to a close
- to close (a business, etc.), to close down, to shut down, to shut up
- to put away, to put back, to keep, to store
- to do completely, to finish
- to do accidentally, to do without meaning to, to happen to do, to end up ...
usually written using kana alone auxiliary verb verb (generic)
- like, as
usually written using kana alone archaic auxiliary verb verb (generic) irregular ru verb copula noun noun (generic) suffix
- to be
- to be (at a location)
- sum of money
popular rarely used kanji form JLPT N5 usually written using kana alone Ichidan verb verb (generic) intransitive verb auxiliary verb
- to be (of animate objects), to exist
- to stay
- to be ...-ing
- to have ...-ed, to be ...-ed
JLPT N1 humble language godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb auxiliary verb
- to offer, to present
- to set someone up in a high position, to revere at a distance
- to do respectfully
search-only kanji form archaic auxiliary verb verb (generic) nidan verb (archaic) nidan verb (archaic) honorific language humble language
- auxiliary verb indicating the causative voice
- auxiliary verb indicating the permissive voice
- auxiliary verb strengthening the honorific notion
- auxiliary verb strengthening the humble notion
popular rarely used kanji form search-only kanji form JLPT N1 polite language usually written using kana alone expression auxiliary verb verb (generic) dated term
- to be, to exist
- to be (doing)
- did, (have) done
usually written using kana alone auxiliary verb verb (generic)
- like, similar to
- something like ..., someone like ...
humble language dated term Ichidan verb verb (generic) transitive verb auxiliary verb
- to give, to present, to offer
- to do for someone's sake