List: Godan verb with 'ru' ending
popular rarely used kanji form search-only kanji form JLPT N1 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to be in charge of, to manage, to direct, to administer, to preside over
- to rule, to govern, to control
popular expression godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic)
- to obtain, to come into possession of, to get hold of, to get one's hands on
popular godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb
- to be submerged, to be soaked
- to be pickled, to be well seasoned
- to be totally immersed (in a condition, e.g. laziness)
popular expression godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic)
- to grow old, to age
popular JLPT N1 usually written using kana alone godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb
- to straddle, to sit astride, to mount
- to extend over, to spread over, to span, to extend into
popular irregular okurigana JLPT N2 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb
- to be resurrected, to be resuscitated, to be rehabilitated, to be revived, to be refreshed, to be restored
- to be recalled (e.g. memories), to be brought back
popular JLPT N1 suffix godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic)
- to show signs of being, to feel, to think
- to behave as if one were, to pretend, to act as if
popular godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to sympathize with, to sympathise with, to feel for, to be considerate of, to show consideration for, to bear in mind
- to think of (a far-off person, place, etc.), to cast one's mind to
- to worry about, to feel anxious about, to be concerned about
popular usually written using kana alone godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to have (e.g. lunch), to take (e.g. vitamins)
popular formal or literary term expression godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic)
- to become, to be