popular JLPT N5 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to know, to be aware (of), to be conscious (of), to learn (of), to find out, to discover
- to sense, to feel, to notice, to realize
- to understand, to comprehend, to grasp, to appreciate
- to remember, to be familiar with, to be acquainted with
- to experience, to go through, to know (e.g. hardship)
- to get acquainted with (a person), to get to know
- to have to do with, to be concerned with, to be one's concern, to be one's responsibility
popular obsolete reading rarely-used kanji form JLPT N2 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb transitive verb
- to approach, to draw near, to be imminent
- to press (someone for something), to urge, to compel
popular JLPT N4 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb
- to change, to be transformed, to be altered, to vary
- to move to
- to be different, to be uncommon, to be unusual
popular JLPT N1 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb
- to excel, to surpass, to exceed, to have an edge, to be superior, to outrival
- to outweigh, to preponderate
popular JLPT N5 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to make, to produce, to manufacture, to build, to construct
- to prepare (food), to brew (alcohol)
- to raise, to grow, to cultivate, to train
- to till
- to draw up (a document), to make out, to prepare, to write
- to create (an artistic work, etc.), to compose
- to coin (a phrase), to organize, to organise, to establish, to found
- to have (a child)
- to make up (one's face, etc.)
- to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
- to give a (false) appearance, to feign (a smile, etc.), to put on a show of emotion
- to form (a line, etc.)
- to set (a record)
- to commit (a sin, etc.)
popular JLPT N3 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb intransitive verb
- to restrict, to limit, to confine
- to be restricted to, to be limited to, to be confined to
- to be best (for), to be the best plan, to be the only way (to)
popular JLPT N3 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to give (as a gift), to present
- to confer, to bestow, to award
popular JLPT N5 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to take, to pick up, to grab, to catch
- to pass, to hand, to give
- to get, to obtain, to acquire, to win, to receive, to earn, to take (e.g. a vacation)
- to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.), to take (a measure, attitude, etc.), to choose
- to remove, to get rid of, to take off
- to take away, to steal, to rob
- to eat, to have (e.g. lunch), to take (e.g. vitamins)
- to pick (e.g. flowers), to gather, to extract (e.g. juice), to catch (e.g. fish), to harvest (a crop)
- to take up (time, space), to occupy, to spare, to set aside
- to secure, to reserve, to save, to put aside, to keep
- to take (e.g. a joke), to interpret, to understand, to make out, to grasp
- to record, to take down
- to subscribe to (e.g. a newspaper), to take, to buy, to get
- to order, to have delivered
- to charge, to fine, to take (tax)
- to take (e.g. a wife), to take on (e.g. an apprentice), to adopt, to accept
- to compete (in sumo, cards, etc.), to play
popular JLPT N4 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to send (a thing), to dispatch, to despatch, to transmit
- to take or escort (a person somewhere), to see off (a person)
- to bid farewell (to the departed), to bury
- to spend (time), to live one's life
- to pass (down the line)
- to affix okurigana
popular JLPT N2 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to throw, to fling, to hurl, to toss
- to neglect, to abandon, to leave alone, to give up on, to leave undone, to leave unfinished