popular JLPT N5 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to know, to be aware (of), to be conscious (of), to learn (of), to find out, to discover
- to sense, to feel, to notice, to realize
- to understand, to comprehend, to grasp, to appreciate
- to remember, to be familiar with, to be acquainted with
- to experience, to go through, to know (e.g. hardship)
- to get acquainted with (a person), to get to know
- to have to do with, to be concerned with, to be one's concern, to be one's responsibility
popular obsolete reading rarely used kanji form JLPT N2 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb transitive verb
- to approach, to draw near, to be imminent
- to press (someone for something), to urge, to compel
popular JLPT N4 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb
- to change, to be transformed, to be altered, to vary
- to move to
- to be different, to be uncommon, to be unusual
popular JLPT N1 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb
- to excel, to surpass, to exceed, to have an edge, to be superior, to outrival
- to outweigh, to preponderate
popular JLPT N5 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to make, to produce, to manufacture, to build, to construct
- to prepare (food), to brew (alcohol)
- to raise, to grow, to cultivate, to train
- to till
- to draw up (a document), to make out, to prepare, to write
- to create (an artistic work, etc.), to compose
- to coin (a phrase), to organize, to organise, to establish, to found
- to have (a child)
- to make up (one's face, etc.)
- to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
- to give a (false) appearance, to feign (a smile, etc.), to put on a show of emotion
- to form (a line, etc.)
- to set (a record)
- to commit (a sin, etc.)
popular JLPT N3 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb intransitive verb
- to restrict, to limit, to confine
- to be restricted to, to be limited to, to be confined to
- to be best (for), to be the best plan, to be the only way (to)
popular JLPT N3 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to give (as a gift), to present
- to confer, to bestow, to award
popular JLPT N5 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to take, to pick up, to grab, to catch
- to pass, to hand, to give
- to get, to obtain, to acquire, to win, to receive, to earn, to take (e.g. a vacation)
- to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.), to take (a measure, attitude, etc.), to choose
- to remove, to get rid of, to take off
- to take away, to steal, to rob
- to eat, to have (e.g. lunch), to take (e.g. vitamins)
- to pick (e.g. flowers), to gather, to extract (e.g. juice), to catch (e.g. fish), to harvest (a crop)
- to take up (time, space), to occupy, to spare, to set aside
- to secure, to reserve, to save, to put aside, to keep
- to take (e.g. a joke), to interpret, to understand, to make out, to grasp
- to record, to take down
- to subscribe to (e.g. a newspaper), to take, to buy, to get
- to order, to have delivered
- to charge, to fine, to take (tax)
- to take (e.g. a wife), to take on (e.g. an apprentice), to adopt, to accept
- to compete (in sumo, cards, etc.), to play
popular JLPT N4 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to send (a thing), to dispatch, to despatch, to transmit
- to take or escort (a person somewhere), to see off (a person)
- to bid farewell (to the departed), to bury
- to spend (time), to live one's life
- to pass (down the line)
- to affix okurigana
popular JLPT N2 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) transitive verb
- to throw, to fling, to hurl, to toss
- to neglect, to abandon, to leave alone, to give up on, to leave undone, to leave unfinished