popular obsolete kanji noun noun (generic) noun (suffix) prefix archaic Kyoto-ben
- young lady of noble birth, princess (esp. in Western contexts, tales, etc.)
- girl
- small, cute, lesser (in names of species)
- prostitute
popular obsolete reading JLPT N1 noun taking the genitive case particle ใฎ adjective (generic) noun noun (generic) adverb archaic
- some, few, a number of, a little (bit)
- somewhat, to a certain extent
- many, a lot
popular search-only kanji form JLPT N4 noun noun (generic) adverb usually written using kana alone pronoun Kansai-ben archaic
- inside, within
- while (e.g. one is young), during, within (e.g. a day), in the course of
- among, amongst, (out) of, between
- in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.), amidst, with (e.g. success)
- within oneself, one's feelings, inner thoughts
- we, our company, our organization
- one's home, one's family
- my spouse, my husband, my wife
- signed on behalf of (husband's name) by his wife
- I, me
- imperial palace grounds
- emperor
popular noun noun (generic) noun (suffix) archaic
- advocate (of a theory or principle), ideologist, ideologue
- -ist (i.e. adherent to a belief system)
- socialist, communist, anarchist
popular obsolete reading JLPT N2 noun noun (generic) archaic Kyoto-ben
- amateur, layman, ordinary person, novice
- respectable woman (i.e. not a prostitute, hostess, geisha)
- unlicensed prostitute
popular rarely used kanji form JLPT N5 noun noun (generic) colloquial archaic suffix counter
- box, case, chest, package, pack, crate
- car (of a train, etc.)
- shamisen case, shamisen
- public building, community building
- man who carries a geisha's shamisen
- receptacle for human waste, feces (faeces)
- counter for boxes (or boxed objects)
popular noun noun (generic) noun or participle taking the aux. verb ใใ archaic
- being at sea, losing one's bearings, confusion, wonderment
- disorientation upon waking at night
- forgetting which house or room to enter
popular noun (suffix) noun (generic) abbreviation noun archaic
- hut, house
- boarding house, residence hall, dormitory
- one day's march (approx. 12.2 km)
popular search-only kanji form JLPT N5 noun noun (generic) archaic
- dictionary, lexicon
- letter of resignation
popular obsolete reading JLPT N2 noun noun (generic) archaic
- wife (esp. one's own wife)
- court lady, female court attache, woman who served at the imperial palace
- woman (esp. as a love interest)