popular  rarely used kanji form  JLPT N1  noun  noun (generic)  noun or participle taking the aux. verb する  intransitive verb 

• opposition, rebellion, revolt, resistance, backlash, refusal
• rebounding, recoiling, repulsion
• rally (e.g. in stock prices), recovery

popular  JLPT N1  noun  noun (generic)  noun or participle taking the aux. verb する  intransitive verb  abbreviation 

• proportion
• proportional representation section (of an election)

popular  JLPT N3  noun  noun (generic)  noun or participle taking the aux. verb する  transitive verb  mathematics 

• expression, representation, description
• representation (of a group)

popular  JLPT N3  noun  noun (generic)  noun or participle taking the aux. verb する  transitive verb 

• valuation, appraisal, evaluation, assessment, estimation, rating, judging
• appreciation, recognition, acknowledgement, rating highly, praising

popular  JLPT N3  noun  noun (generic)  noun or participle taking the aux. verb する  intransitive verb  な adjective  adjective (generic) 

• insufficiency, deficiency, shortage, lack, scarcity, deficit
• dissatisfaction, discontent, complaint

popular  JLPT N1  noun  noun (generic)  noun or participle taking the aux. verb する  transitive verb 

• burden, load, responsibility
• bearing (a cost, responsibility, etc.), shouldering

popular  JLPT N1  noun  noun (generic)  noun or participle taking the aux. verb する  intransitive verb 

• arms, armament, taking up arms, arming oneself

popular  rarely used kanji form  JLPT N1  noun  noun (generic)  noun or participle taking the aux. verb する  intransitive verb 

• dispute, conflict, trouble, unrest, strife

popular  noun  noun (generic)  noun or participle taking the aux. verb する  transitive verb 

• composition, formation, organization, organisation, compilation

popular  JLPT N1  noun  noun (generic)  noun or participle taking the aux. verb する  transitive verb 

• maintenance
• conservatism, conservativeness, conservation